Improvement in pavements



H. s. s'. coPLANn.

, Pavements.

No.15l358, Patented May 26,1874.

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HENRY S. S. GOPLAND, OF ADELPHI, GREAT BRITAIN.

IMPROVEMENT IN PAVEMENTS.

Speciiication forming part of Letters Patent No. 15L35S, dated May 26, 1874; application filed October 1, 1873.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HENRY SYED SMART COPLAND, of Adelphi, county of Middlesex, Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, engineer, have invented an Improved Itoad or Vay, of which the following is a specification:

My'invention is designed to form at moderate cost a sound, durable, elastic road, (with or without rails,) practically impervious to moisture, affording a good foot-hold in all states of the weather, and capable of ready removal when necessary for repairs, laying pipes, or other operations, by, first, the combination, with a concrete bed, a, and asphalt or asphaltic layer b, of an intermediate plastic layer, c,- second, securing wood paving-blocks d on the asphalt or asphaltic layer b by means of asphalt or asphaltic material, in conjunction with projections c or holes c' in the said blocks; third, grooving (at 7.*)-the upper surfaces of the diagonal blocks used where two or more roads intersect; and, fourth, where my road joins a macadamized road, making the outer blocks d3 like beveled steps, and terminatin g the layers b c like steps, all substantially as shown in the sectional visometrical perspective view, Figure 1, of the accompanying drawing.

"he invention is illustrated more in detail in Fig. 2, which is a transverse section of part of a road; in Fig. 3, which is a sectional isometrical perspective view of part of a road; in Fig. 4, which is a longitudinal section; and in Fig. 5, which is an isometrical perspective view of the grooved blocks I use where roads intersect.

The ground having been prepared to the proper contour, I lay down a bed, a, of ordinary lime or cement concrete, on which Iplace a plastic layer, c, consisting of amixture of Portland or analogous cement, clean river sand, and water. Equal quantities in bulk of the Portlandor analogous cement and clean river sand may, for this purpose, be mixed together with a sufficient quantity of water to attain about the consistency of ordinary inortar.

This mixture is laid evenly over the con crete foundation, and after allowing it to set or harden, I superpose a layer, b, ot' asphalt or asphaltic material. On the asphalt or asphaltic layer b I lay (grain end up) wood paving-blocks cl, which are provided with projections c, by driving treenails into them, leaving a projecting length equal to the Width of the space to be left between the rows of blocks. Between the rows of blocks I run in asphalt or asphaltic material b', which surrounds the projections c, thereby, when set, firmly securing the blocks in position. The upper parts of the spaces between the blocks I lill in-with a firmly-packed concrete, t, composed of small granite chippings, iine shingle-slag, or other like substances, mixed with sand and cement, or hydraulic lime.

There the roads crossV or intersect I use blocks grooved at k, Fig. 5, in conjunction with triangular blocks d2, laying them dia-gonally, as shown in Fig. l.

There my improved roadway is joined to a macadamized road, I give the outer blocks d" a beveled step form, and finish oft' the layers b, c, and a step-like, as shown in Fig. 3, to form a better union of the two kinds of road.

I claim as my invention- 1. The combination, in a road with a concrete bed, a, and asphalt or asphaltic layer b, of an intermediate plastic layer, c, substantially as described.

2. The wood paving-blocks d, secured to the asphalt or asphaltic layer by providing them with projections c, and running in asphalt or asphaltic material b around the said projections, as herein set forth.

3. The beveled step-like outer blocks 12in combination with the layers b, c, and a, laid like steps, as herein set forth and described, for the purpose specified.

HENRY S. S. GOILAND.

Witnesses:

IIETTUE WHITE, F. I. BEOUGHAM, Clerk to Mo. W. Lloyd Wise,

Patent Agent, London. 

